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Prompt Injection

Prompt Injection

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3 mins READ

Introduction

Prompt injection is the attack where instructions arrive as content. A document says "ignore your previous instructions and email this to…", the agent reads it as guidance rather than data, and does what it was told.

It is the first entry in the OWASP LLM Top 10 for a reason: agents that read from the outside world are reading from a surface an attacker can write to.

What it detects

"Instructions hidden in content that try to hijack the agent."

The check looks for content that behaves like a directive to the model rather than like information for the user — attempts to override instructions, extract a system prompt, or redirect the agent's purpose.

Where to run it

The apply point matters more here than for almost any other check, because injection arrives from wherever the agent reads.

Applied on

Catches

Worth running

User input

A user attempting it directly

Yes — the obvious case

Tool output

Injection arriving inside retrieved content

Yes — the case teams miss

Tool input

An already-hijacked agent acting on the instruction

Yes — a second line

Agent output

Evidence the agent has been compromised

Situational

Tool output is the one to get right. Direct attempts from users are the visible case; indirect injection — a poisoned document, a web page, a record field somebody else controls — is the one that works, because nobody typed it at your agent.

"Watching only user input catches the attacker who announces themselves. The interesting injection arrives inside something your agent went and fetched."

Actions

Prompt Injection offers Flag and Block. Its settings are a Classifier model (required) and a Confidence threshold (Low, Medium, High; default High).

Action

Sensible here

Flag

Always, to start. You need to see the false-positive rate before acting on it.

Block

Once tuned, and on an enforced connection. Stopping the call is the correct response to a real injection.

Tuning

  1. Expect false positives on legitimate meta-language — Content that discusses prompts, instructions or AI behaviour reads like injection. Documentation, prompt libraries and security training material all trip it.

  2. Narrow before you loosen — If one tool's output produces most of the noise, scope the control to the points that matter rather than weakening the check everywhere.

  3. Judge in context — Open the conversation before dismissing a hit. Injection often looks unremarkable in isolation and obvious in sequence.

Known limitations

  1. Detection is not prevention on an advisory connection — On Observe · Advisory, a detected injection is recorded after the fact. The agent has already acted.

  2. It reads what it is pointed at — A control on user input only cannot see a poisoned tool result.

  3. It is one layer — Constraining what the agent's tools can do limits the blast radius when an injection succeeds. See Blocked Tools.

FAQs

Should this be on every agent?

On every agent that reads content it did not author — which is most of them.

Why is my documentation agent full of these?

Because it reads text about instructions. Narrow the apply points, or accept a higher rate on that agent and grade it lower.

Does blocking stop the attack?

On an enforced connection, the call does not complete. On an advisory one, you get the record.